AWS- Interview Question- PART 1

1. VPC:

What is it?

A Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is a virtual network dedicated to your AWS account. It provides a logically isolated section of the AWS Cloud where you can launch AWS resources in a defined virtual network.

What is the use?

VPCs allow you to have control over your network environment, including IP address ranges, subnets, route tables, and network gateways. They enable you to customize your network configuration to suit your specific needs.

How we can use it?

You can use VPCs to deploy and manage your AWS resources securely and privately. This includes launching Amazon EC2 instances, setting up databases with Amazon RDS, and configuring load balancers with Amazon ELB, all within your isolated network environment.

With Which Services does it get integrated?

VPC seamlessly integrates with other AWS services such as Amazon EC2, Amazon RDS, and Amazon S3, enabling you to build complex, multi-tier applications.

VPN Gateway
Direct Connect
VPC Peering
Transit Gateway
Security Services (e.g., AWS WAF, Azure Firewall, Google Cloud Armor)
Monitoring and Logging (e.g., AWS CloudWatch, Azure Monitor, Google Cloud’s Stackdriver)
Load Balancing (e.g., AWS Elastic Load Balancing, Azure Load Balancer, Google Cloud Load Balancing)

2. EC2:

What is it?

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It allows you to rent virtual servers, known as instances, to run your applications.

What is the use?

EC2 is used to deploy and manage virtual servers in the cloud. It offers a wide range of instance types with varying CPU, memory, storage, and networking capabilities, allowing you to choose the resources that best fit your workload requirements.

How we can use it?

You can use EC2 to launch virtual servers within minutes. After launching an EC2 instance, you can install and configure your software, scale capacity up or down as needed, and manage security and access controls for your instances.

With Which Services does it get integrated?

EC2 seamlessly integrates with other AWS services such as Amazon S3, Amazon RDS, and AWS Lambda, enabling you to build complex, scalable applications.

AWS Elastic Load Balancing
Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service)
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)
Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store)
Amazon CloudWatch
AWS Lambda
AWS Auto Scaling

3. ASG:

What is it?

Auto Scaling Group (ASG) is a feature provided by AWS that automatically adjusts the number of EC2 instances in a group according to the conditions you define.

What is the use?

ASG ensures that your applications have the right amount of computing capacity to handle varying levels of demand. It helps maintain application availability and performance by automatically scaling out during high-traffic periods and scaling in during low-traffic periods.

Key Features: Health Monitoring, Scheduled Scaling, Integration with Elastic Load Balancing

How we can use it?

You can create an Auto Scaling Group and define scaling policies based on metrics like CPU utilization, network traffic, or custom metrics. When the metrics breach predefined thresholds, ASG automatically adds or removes EC2 instances to meet the desired capacity.

With Which Services does it get integrated?

Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
Elastic Load Balancing (ELB)
Amazon CloudWatch
AWS Auto Scaling (ASG)

4. LB :

What is it?

Load Balancer (LB) is a networking service that distributes incoming application or network traffic across multiple targets, such as EC2 instances, to ensure optimal resource utilization, reliability, and availability.

What is the use?

Load balancers help prevent any single server from becoming overwhelmed by distributing incoming traffic evenly across multiple servers. They enhance fault tolerance and scalability of applications by automatically rerouting traffic away from failed instances or overloaded servers.

Key Features: Health Checks, SSL Termination, Session Persistence, Content-Based Routing, Monitoring and Logging

How we can use it?

You can use load balancers to set up highly available and scalable architectures for your applications.
After creating a load balancer, you configure it to distribute traffic to one or more target groups, which consist of instances registered with the load balancer.
The load balancer then automatically distributes incoming traffic to those instances.

With Which Services does it get integrated?

Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
Amazon ECS (Elastic Container Service)
Amazon EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service)
AWS Lambda
Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service)
AWS Auto Scaling
AWS WAF (Web Application Firewall)
AWS Shield (DDoS Protection)
AWS CloudFront
AWS Global Accelerator

5. S3:

What is it?

S3 is a cloud storage service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS) for storing and retrieving data over the internet.

What is the use?

Its primary use is to store and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web, making it highly scalable and reliable for various storage needs.

Key Features: Security, Lifecycle Management, Versioning, Cross-Region Replication, Static Website Hosting, Data Transfer Acceleration, Data Analytics

How we can use it?

S3 can be used for a wide range of purposes including hosting static websites, storing backups, serving as a content delivery network (CDN), and storing application data.
Users can upload files to S3 buckets (containers for storing objects), manage access permissions, and integrate it with other AWS services or third-party applications via APIs.

With Which Services does it get integrated?

AWS Lambda
AWS CloudFront
AWS Glacier
AWS EFS (Elastic File System)
AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)
AWS KMS (Key Management Service)
AWS CloudWatch

6. RDS:

What is it?

RDS is a managed relational database service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS), offering easy setup, operation, and scaling of relational databases in the cloud.

What is the use?

Its primary use is to facilitate the deployment and management of various relational database engines such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server, and others, without the need for managing the underlying infrastructure.

Key Features: Managed Service, Multiple Database Engines, Scalability, High Availability, Security, Backup and Restore, Monitoring and Performance Insights, Automated Patching and Upgrades

How we can use it?

RDS can be used to host databases for applications, websites, or any system that requires a relational database.
Users can choose the database engine, specify the desired compute and storage resources, and configure backup, replication, and security settings through the AWS Management Console or APIs.
RDS automates routine tasks like patching, backups, and scaling, allowing developers to focus on application development rather than database management.

With Which Services does it get integrated?

AWS Lambda
AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)
AWS CloudWatch
Amazon CloudFront
AWS Key Management Service (KMS)
AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)
AWS CloudTrail

7. CloudTrail:

What is it?

CloudTrail is a service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS) for logging, monitoring, and retaining account activity related to AWS resources.

What is the use?

Its primary use is to provide a detailed history of actions taken by users, roles, or services in an AWS account, enabling security analysis, compliance auditing, and troubleshooting.

Key Features: Visibility, Audit Trails, Centralized Logging, Real-Time Monitoring, Customization

How we can use it?

CloudTrail captures API calls made by users, services, or AWS Management Console actions, storing the information as event logs in Amazon S3 or CloudWatch Logs.
Users can enable CloudTrail for their AWS accounts, configure logging settings, and define trails to capture specific types of events or activities.
By analyzing CloudTrail logs, users can track changes to resources, detect unauthorized actions, and ensure compliance with security policies and regulations.

With Which Services does it get integrated?

Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)
AWS CloudWatch Logs
AWS Lambda
Amazon CloudWatch Events
AWS KMS (Key Management Service)
AWS Config
AWS SNS (Simple Notification Service)

8. ColudFront

What is it?

CloudFront is a content delivery network (CDN) service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS), designed to deliver content, including webpages, videos, images, and other static or dynamic files, to users with low latency and high transfer speeds.

What is the use?

Its primary use is to distribute content globally across a network of edge locations, reducing latency and improving the overall performance of web applications, websites, and APIs.

Key Features: Origin Shield, Customization, Real-Time Metrics and Monitoring

How we can use it?

CloudFront can be used to accelerate the delivery of static and dynamic content by caching it at edge locations closer to end-users.
Users can create distributions, which define how content is cached and delivered, specify origin servers (such as Amazon S3 buckets or EC2 instances), configure caching behaviors, set up SSL/TLS encryption, and integrate with other AWS services like AWS WAF (Web Application Firewall) and AWS Lambda for customizing content delivery.
By leveraging CloudFront, organizations can improve the scalability, reliability, and security of their web applications and content

With Which Services does it get integrated?

Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)
Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
Elastic Load Balancing (ELB)
AWS Lambda
AWS Shield (DDoS Protection)
AWS WAF (Web Application Firewall)
Amazon Route 53 (DNS Service)

9. IAM:

What is it?

IAM is a service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS) for managing user identities and access permissions within an AWS account.

What is the use?

Its primary use is to control who can access AWS resources and services, and what actions they can perform on those resources, thereby enhancing security and compliance.

Key Features: Fine-Grained Permissions, Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) , Identity Federation, Roles for Delegation, Access Key Management, Audit Trails, Service Control Policies

How we can use it?

IAM allows users to create and manage IAM users, groups, and roles, assign permissions using policies, and enable multi-factor authentication (MFA) for enhanced security.
Users can grant granular access permissions to resources by attaching policies to IAM identities, such as allowing read-only access to specific S3 buckets or full administrative access to EC2 instances.
By effectively managing identities and access permissions, organizations can enforce the principle of least privilege and maintain a secure AWS environment.

With Which Services does it get integrated?

Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)
Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service)
AWS Lambda
Amazon CloudWatch
AWS CloudTrail
AWS Key Management Service (KMS)

10. ElastiCache —Redis:

What is it?

ElastiCache — Redis is a fully managed, in-memory data store service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS), based on the Redis open-source software.

What is the use?

Its primary use is to improve the performance and scalability of web applications by caching frequently accessed data in memory, reducing the need to retrieve it from disk-based databases.

Key Features: Managed Redis Service, In-Memory Data Store, Caching, Persistence, Monitoring and Metrics

How we can use it?

You can use Redis in AWS to make your applications faster and more reliable.
It works like a super-fast memory where you store data that your app needs to access quickly.
For example, you can use it to store website sessions so users stay logged in or to store frequently accessed data so your app runs smoother.
AWS makes it easy to set up and manage Redis, so you don’t have to worry about the technical details.

With Which Services does it get integrated?

Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
AWS Lambda
Amazon CloudWatch
AWS CloudTrail
Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud)
AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)
Amazon SNS (Simple Notification Service)

11. AWS Inspector:

What is it?

AWS Inspector is an automated security assessment service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS), designed to help improve the security and compliance of applications deployed on AWS.

What is the use?

Its primary use is to analyze the security posture of AWS resources and applications, identifying potential security vulnerabilities and compliance issues.

Key Features: Automated Security Assessments, Vulnerability Assessment, Agentless Architecture, Continuous Monitoring, Customizable Rules, Actionable Findings, Compliance Reporting

How we can use it?

AWS Inspector enables users to define assessment targets, which can include EC2 instances, Amazon ECS clusters, and AWS Lambda functions. Users can create assessment templates specifying the rules packages and duration of the assessment.
AWS Inspector then performs security assessments, including vulnerability scanning and compliance checks, against the specified targets.
After the assessment, users receive detailed findings reports, prioritizing vulnerabilities based on severity, and providing remediation recommendations.
By using AWS Inspector, organizations can proactively identify and address security vulnerabilities, thereby enhancing the overall security posture of their AWS deployments.

With Which Services it get integrated?

AWS Lambda
Amazon SNS (Simple Notification Service)
Amazon CloudWatch Events
AWS Systems Manager
AWS Security Hub
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)
AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)

12. System Manager:

What is it?

Systems Manager is a management service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS), offering a unified user interface for managing and automating operational tasks across AWS resources.

What is the use?

Its primary use is to simplify and automate tasks related to resource management, configuration management, operational insights, and security compliance.

Key Features: Centralized Management, Automation, Run Command, State Manager, Patch Manager, Parameter Store, Session Manager, Distributed Systems Management

How we can use it?

Systems Manager provides a centralized dashboard for managing EC2 instances, on-premises servers, and other AWS resources.
Users can perform tasks such as installing software, patching operating systems, collecting inventory data, and executing scripts remotely across multiple instances.
Systems Manager also offers capabilities for managing resource configurations, tracking software inventory, monitoring resource performance, and ensuring compliance with security policies through features like Automation, State Manager, Inventory, and Patch Manager.
By using Systems Manager, organizations can streamline operational processes, improve resource visibility, and maintain security and compliance across their AWS environment.

With Which Services does it get integrated?

Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
AWS Lambda
AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)
AWS CloudWatch
AWS CloudFormation
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)
AWS OpsWorks

13. Patch Manager:

What is it?

Patch Manager is a feature of AWS Systems Manager that automates the process of patching operating systems (OS) and applications on EC2 instances and on-premises servers.

What is the use?

Its primary use is to simplify the management of software updates and security patches, helping to keep systems up-to-date and secure.

Key Features: Automated Patching, Patch Compliance, Patch Baselines, Scheduled Patching, Rollback and Reporting, Patch Groups, Support for Multiple Operating Systems, Security

How we can use it?

Patch Manager enables users to define patch baselines, which specify which patches should be applied to instances based on criteria such as severity, classification, or specific patches.
Users can schedule patching operations, automate patch deployments, and monitor patch compliance across their environment.
Patch Manager also provides insights into patching status, including patching history, pending patches, and compliance reports.
By using Patch Manager, organizations can reduce manual effort, ensure timely application of critical patches, and improve overall security posture by minimizing vulnerabilities in their systems.

With Which Services does it get integrated?

Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)
AWS CloudWatch
AWS Config
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)
AWS Organizations
AWS CloudFormation

14. AMI:

What is it?

An AMI is a template used to create virtual machine instances in the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) service.

What is the use?

Its primary use is to provide a pre-configured operating system and software stack, allowing users to launch EC2 instances with specific configurations quickly.

Key Features: Template for Virtual Machines, Preconfigured Environments, Customization, Versioning, Sharing and Distribution, Lifecycle Management

How we can use it?

Users can create custom AMIs by bundling their own software configurations, operating system settings, and data, or they can choose from a variety of pre-built AMIs provided by AWS and the community. Once an AMI is available, users can launch EC2 instances from it, specifying instance type, region, and other settings as needed.
AMIs are used for tasks such as application deployment, testing, development, and disaster recovery.
By leveraging AMIs, users can streamline the process of provisioning and scaling EC2 instances while ensuring consistency and repeatability in their

With Which Services does it get integrated?

Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
AWS CloudFormation
AWS Elastic Beanstalk
AWS OpsWorks
AWS Lambda
AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)
AWS CloudTrail

15. EBS:

What is it?

EBS is a block-level storage service provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS), designed for use with Amazon EC2 instances.

What is the use?

Its primary use is to provide persistent block storage volumes that can be attached to EC2 instances, offering durable and low-latency storage for applications and data.

Key Features: Persistent Block Storage, Elasticity: EBS, Data Durability, Snapshot Backup, Encryption, IOPS Provisioning , Different Volume Types

How we can use it?

Users can create EBS volumes with specific characteristics such as size, performance, and availability zone, and attach them to EC2 instances as block devices.
EBS volumes can be used for various purposes including boot volumes, data storage, database storage, and file system storage.
Users can also create snapshots of EBS volumes to back up data and create new volumes from snapshots for data recovery or migration.
By using EBS, organizations can achieve scalable and reliable storage solutions for their EC2-based applications, with features like encryption, snapshots, and high availability options to meet their storage requirements.

With Which Services it get integrated?

Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
AWS Lambda
AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)
AWS CloudWatch
AWS CloudTrail
AWS Direct Connect
AWS Storage Gateway

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